Ground Loops and Proper Grounding by FM Acoustics

Class I vs Class II audio equipments :



Most High End Audio Equipments like Weiss Engineering, Vitus Audio are Class I but very few Audio Equipments like TAD are Class II .

Class I :
Appliance class I is not only based on the basic insulation, but the casing and other conductive parts are also connected with a low-resistant earth conductor. Hence, these appliances must have their chassis connected to electrical earth (US: ground) by a separate earth conductor (coloured green/yellow in most countries, green in India, USA, Canada and Japan). The earth connection is achieved with a three-conductor mains cable, typically ending with three-prong AC connector which plugs into a corresponding AC outlet.



Class II :
A Class II or double insulated electrical applianceuses reinforced protective insulation in addition to basic insulation. Hence, it has been designed in such a way that it does not require a safety connection to electrical earth (ground).



It seems in electronics theorem the earth does not increase SNR (better sound) and it is just for safety.
In high polution EMI/RFI environment the earth may help but in isolated room the earth has no effect on noise.

the question is what is the best way for connecting Class I to Class II equipments without using isolation transformers?
 

Benchmark's "Clean Audio Installation Guide

This 24 page guide has been very popular. It has been hailed as “required reading for all broadcast engineers” by Richard Sequerra.

“We were able to change our engineering standards throughout the CBC as a result of this paper.” - Tom Holden Manager, Systems Engineering - Radio, CBC Toronto.

This paper revolutionized broadcast audio in the 1980's. It moved the industry away from 600-Ohm interfaces and radically changed the way analog audio was handled in professional environments.

In many ways, this paper still impacts every product that Benchmark builds today. We think that you will find this classic paper as useful today as it was when it was originally published in the 1980's. Due to the popularity of this paper, Allen updated it several times. The links will take you to Allen's final 1997 version.

We agree with Richard Sequerra. This is your required reading assignment!
 

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